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Participants will know the following vocabulary:
funnel cloud, tornado, straight line winds, downburst,
microburst, hail, graupel, mesocyclone, Doppler radar,
reflectivity, attenuation, velocity folding, Doppler
dilemma, divergence, vorticity, range folding, anomalous
propagation, squall line, VIL, Z/R Relationship, storm
relative, convergence, supercell, mesoscale.
Participants will know what weather products are
used to determine whether a circulation may be
forming.
Participants will understand how a radar completes
a scan, and understand the relationship between the range
from the radar and the height of the radar beam.
Participants will understand the difference in
resolution of the radar at near and far ranges (i.e. the
aspect-ratio problem) and the significance of the problem in
detection of small-scale phenomena at far ranges.
Participants will understand the limitations of
Doppler radar and what phenomena can and cannot be measured
by it.
Participants will understand the weakness of
Doppler radar to see low-level phenomena at far- ranges
(e.g. gust fronts, weak mesocyclones, low-topped
storms).
Participants will know what velocity folding is,
how to recognize it on the radar when the velocity
dealiasing algorithm fails.
Participants will know what range folding is, its
causes, and how to recognize it on the WSR- 88D.
Participants will know what attenuation is and how
to respond to the possibility of attenuation of a rain
region on the radar.
Participants will recognize the following
signatures in NIDS reflectivity data:
- hook echo
- hail core
- thin line
- squall line
Participants will be able to recognize the
following signatures in NIDS velocity/reflectivity
data:
- mesocyclone
- convergent signature of gust
front
- divergent signature of
downburst
- rear-flank downdraft
Participants will be able to distinguish between
convective and stratiform precipitation as depicted by NIDS
images.
Participants will be able to distinguish between
convective precipitation and non- precipitating echoes
(including anomalous propagation) as depicted by NIDS
images.
Participants will be able to recognize warm air and
moisture intrusions using Mesonet data.
Participants will be able to correlate a thin line
on NIDS reflectivity with Mesonet observations of
temperature, humidity (dew point), and winds.
Participants will be able to recognize the wind
shift and associated temperature and humidity patterns in
Mesonet data produced by dry lines, cold fronts, warm
fronts, and outflow boundaries and know the significance of
the patterns to severe weather evolution.
Participants will know the limitations of a Mesonet
rain gage at high rain rates.
Participants will be able to discern mesoscale (as
opposed to stormscale) wind flow from NIDS velocity
images.
Participants will be able to interpret VIL images
and correlate to the VIL-of-the-day and possible hail
formation.
Participants will be able to obtain pertinent NWS
watches, warnings, and statements from OK-FIRST WWW
server.
Participants will be able to determine intensity of
storms by comparing higher-angle base reflectivity,
composite reflectivity, and layer composite
reflectivity.
Participants will know the type of damage that is
likely to be produced by different wind speeds (e.g., 20 mph
vs. 50 mph vs. 70 mph).
Participants will produce a prioritized to-do list
based on the type of event and the estimated lead
time.
Participants will be able to calculate the lead
time to a wind shift, potential tornado, or hail.
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